Summary iPlain-English security verdict for Debian, generated from its current health score, actively-exploited vulnerabilities, and latest supported version.
Debian currently scores 5/100 — critical, with active exploitation. 13 of its known vulnerabilities are being actively exploited in the wild (CISA KEV), including CVE-2021-40438. The latest supported release is 13.6. Upgrade immediately and review your exposure to the actively-exploited CVEs below. Note: this product is assessed at the product level on recent (365-day) activity rather than an exact per-version match, so it is never marked a confident "healthy".
Disclosure trend iNew CVEs published for Debian each year (NVD). A higher bar means more disclosures that year — more scrutiny, not necessarily less safe.
7 of its known vulnerabilities are linked to ransomware campaigns (CISA KEV).
Patch priority — what to act on iThe issues to fix first — actively exploited (CISA KEV) first, then by exploitation probability (EPSS), then severity. Each row's "→ fixed in" is the earliest version that patches it; "see advisory" means no fixed version is published.
Most urgent first — actively exploited, then likeliest to be exploited.
CVE-2021-40438 CRITICAL exploited ransomware Server-side request forgery (SSRF) EPSS 100% → see advisory CVE-2021-44228 CRITICAL exploited ransomware Improper input validation EPSS 100% → see advisory CVE-2023-44487 HIGH exploited Uncontrolled resource consumption EPSS 100% → see advisory CVE-2017-12617 HIGH exploited Unrestricted file upload EPSS 100% → see advisory CVE-2026-31431 HIGH exploited CWE-669 EPSS 100% → see advisory CVE-2020-1938 CRITICAL exploited EPSS 99% → see advisory CVE-2018-7602 CRITICAL exploited ransomware Code injection EPSS 99% → see advisory CVE-2022-30333 HIGH exploited ransomware Path traversal EPSS 99% → see advisory CVE-2012-0507 CRITICAL exploited ransomware CWE-843 EPSS 98% → see advisory CVE-2016-8735 CRITICAL exploited EPSS 90% → see advisory CVE-2024-1086 HIGH exploited ransomware Use-after-free EPSS 28% → see advisory CVE-2024-9680 CRITICAL exploited ransomware Use-after-free EPSS 23% → see advisorySee all 552 known Debian CVEs & security history →
How to patch Debian — step-by-step to the latest secure version →
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Versions & lifecycle iWhen each release line stops receiving security patches (end-of-life). After EOL there are no more fixes — plan upgrades before these dates.
How long each Debian release line is supported — and when it sunsets. Select a line for its full report.
Full Debian end-of-life dates & support timeline →
13 latest 13.6 Supported until 2030-06-30security notices → 12 latest 12.15 Supported until 2028-06-30security notices →Frequently asked
Is Debian safe and patched?
Debian currently scores 5/100 — critical, with active exploitation. 13 of its known vulnerabilities are being actively exploited in the wild (CISA KEV), including CVE-2021-40438. The latest supported release is 13.6. Upgrade immediately and review your exposure to the actively-exploited CVEs below. Note: this product is assessed at the product level on recent (365-day) activity rather than an exact per-version match, so it is never marked a confident "healthy".
What should I do about Debian now?
Upgrade Debian to the latest supported release (13.6) or later, which clears the actively-exploited issues affecting older versions, then confirm against Debian's official advisory.
When does Debian reach end-of-life?
The latest supported Debian release is 13.6. After end-of-life a release no longer receives security patches.
Which versions of Debian are still receiving security updates?
Supported Debian release lines (latest 13.6): 13, 12. End-of-life releases no longer receive security patches.
product-level posture (last 365d); exact per-version verdict pending precise version mapping
Informational only, from public data (NVD · CISA KEV · EPSS · endoflife.date), and can lag or miss vendor-specific fixes. Always confirm against Debian's official advisory before you patch or upgrade — Debian official site ↗